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it和tt的区别tha和it如何区分tt与tn和it的区别

在英语中,that和it的区分主要基于指代对象是否“同一事物”、语法功能以及具体语境。下面内容是核心区别与用法解析:


一、指代对象的本质区别

  • it:特指同一事物

    • 指代制度:it用于指代前文提到的同名同物,即完全相同的对象。
    • 例句:
      • I bought a pen. It is blue.(“it”指代前文提到的同一支笔)[2]
      • The cat is hungry. Please feed it.(“it”指代同一只猫)
    • 注意:it也可指代不可数名词或整个句子,如:The weather is bad. I hate it.(“it”指代“天气”)[2]。
  • that:特指同类异物

    • 指代制度:that用于指代前文提到的同类但不同物,常带有对比或强调意味。
    • 例句:
      • The price of rice here is higher than that in Japan.(“that”指代“the price of rice”,但两地米价不同)[2]
      • This book is mine, and that is yours.(“that”指代另一本书)
    • 注意:that仅能指代事物,不可指代人;复数形式用those,如:These shoes are cheaper than those.

二、语法功能差异

  • it的灵活用法

    • 形式主语/宾语:it可代替不定式、动名词或从句,作形式主语或宾语。
      • It is important to study hard.(“it”指代不定式短语)[][2]
      • I find it difficult to understand.(“it”作形式宾语)
    • 独特语境:
      • 天气/时刻/距离:It is raining. / It’s 3 o’clock.
      • 身份不明者:敲门时问:Who is it?(回答:It’s me.)。
  • that的限制性用法

    • 比较结构:that常用于比较句中,避免重复名词。
      • The population of China is larger than that of India.[2]
    • 替代不可数名词:不可数名词只能用that替代,如:The water here is cleaner than that in the river.[2]。

三、典型场景对比

场景 it(同一事物) that(同类异物)
比较句 ? 不适用 ? Your idea is better than that.
回答疑问句 ? Is this a pen? Yes, it is. ? 不适用
电话用语 ? 回答时用:It’s Tom. ? 提问时用:Is that Mike?
不可数名词替代 ? 不适用 ? The air here is fresher than that in the city.[2]

四、易错点拓展资料

  • 指代混淆:
    • 错误:I lost my keys. I need to buy that.
    • 正确:I lost my keys. I need to buy new ones.(泛指同类异物用one
  • 不可数名词误用:
    • 错误:The news is good. I like one.
    • 正确:The news is good. I like it.(不可数名词只能用it)[2][4]
  • 比较结构遗漏:
    • 错误:My phone is newer than he.
    • 正确:My phone is newer than his (phone)/that of his.[2]

怎么样?经过上面的分析对比与示例,可清晰掌握itthat的核心区别:是否指代同一事物、语法功能差异及语境限制。在实际应用中,需结合具体场景灵活判断。